Merchant bar and reinforcing bar (rebar) are two common categories of bars, where merchants include rounds, flats, angles, squares, and channels that are used by fabricators to manufacture a wide variety of products such as furniture, stair railings, and farm equipment. The most popular martensitic stainless steel is type 410 (a grade appropriate for non-severe corrosion environments requiring high strength).A dull or grit surface appearance achieved by rolling on rolls which have been roughened by mechanical, chemical, or electrical means to various degrees of surface texture.Those properties of a material that reveal the elastic and inelastic reaction when force is applied, or that involve the relationship between stress and strain; for example, the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and fatigue limit. Service centers are manufacturers to the extent that they add labor to steel by providing a service.Rolling, heating, and quenching steel sheets often affect the dimensions of the steel. Intensity reflects the secular demand for steel, as opposed to cyclical demand. These include the slabbing mill, hot roll mills, cold roll mills, SR mills, and DR mills.Any operating unit that reduces gauge by application of loads through revolving cylindrical rolls; operation can be hot or cold.
Liquid metal is teemed (poured) into molds, where it slowly solidifies. The BOF’s rapid operation, lower cost, and ease of control give it a distinct advantage over previous methods.Scrap is dumped into the furnace vessel, followed by the hot metal from the blast furnace. Domestic market share percentages are based on this figure, which does not take into account any changes in inventory.A process for further refinement of stainless steel through reduction of carbon content.The amount of carbon in stainless steel must be lower than that in carbon steel or lower alloy steel (i.e., steel with alloying element content below 5%). The presence of argon enhances the affinity of carbon for oxygen and thus facilitates the removal of carbon.A natural reduction in work force as a result of resignations, retirements, or death.Most unionized companies cannot unilaterally reduce their employment levels to cut costs, so management must rely on attrition to provide openings that it, in turn, does not fill.
The AISI represents the interests of Canada, Mexico, and the United States.Any metallic element added during the melting of steel or aluminum for the purpose of increasing corrosion resistance, hardness, or strength. Sanctions can be imposed by the ITC and the Commerce Department on foreign producers involved in dumping and government subsidization, if domestic manufacturers can prove material injury.An advanced steel refining facility that removes oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen under low pressures (in a vacuum) to produce ultra-low-carbon steel for demanding electrical and automotive applications. Although the minimills are subject to the same steel processing requirements after the caster as the integrated steel companies, they differ greatly in regard to their minimum efficient size, labor relations, product markets, and management style.An alloying element used as a raw material for some classes of stainless steel. The product is very stiff; it is not intended for flat work where deformation is very minimal.Full Hard Cold Rolled steel produced to a Rockwell hardness of 84 and higher on the B scale.Bending and forming plate or sheet products into customer specified shapes and sizes with press brakes.A galvanized product coated with 95% free zinc, 5% aluminum and traces of mish metal in the coating; provides extra corrosion protection with lighter coating weight; has improved formability over regular free zinc coatings (hot dipped galvanized regular products).Coatings on hot-dipped galvanized steels processed to convert the coating completely to zinc-iron alloys; dull gray in appearance, have no spangle, and after proper preparation, are well suited for painting.Free zinc coatings applied to a hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel to produce Galvanized steel. Scrap substitutes include, among others, DRI, HBI, iron carbide, and pig iron.An air pollutant device that reduces the temperature of an emission – a liquid spray is used to remove pollutants from a gas stream by absorbtion or chemical reaction.Pipe made from a solid billet, which is heated, then rotated under extreme pressure. By tightly monitoring the product’s variance from specifications, the operator can determine when to apply preventative maintenance to a machine before any low-quality (secondary) steel is produced.A reversing steel sheet reduction mill with heated coil boxes at each end. At normal temperatures, they have high resistance to corrosion. A film that naturally forms on the surface of stainless steel self-repairs in the presence of oxygen if the steel is damaged mechanically or chemically, and thus prevents corrosion from occurring.Method of applying a stainless steel coating to carbon steel or lower alloy steel (i.e., steel with alloying element content below 5%).To increase corrosion resistance at lower initial cost than exclusive use of stainless steel.By 1) welding stainless steel onto carbon steel; 2) pouring melted stainless steel around a solid carbon steel slab in a mold; or 3) placing a slab of carbon steel between two plates of stainless steel and bonding them by rolling at high temperature on a plate mill.The process of covering steel with another material (tin, chrome, and zinc), primarily for corrosion resistance.Metal sheet that has been wound. 1 heavy scrap.Label applied to the pipe products used by petroleum exploration customers. A 100-watt light bulb turned on for one second consumes 100 Joules.Involves grinding the top and/or bottom of carbon or alloy steel plate or bars into close tolerance.New metalmaking complex that is built “from scratch,” presumably on a green field.An exotic alloy usually obtained as a by-product of zirconium production with outstanding corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. Steel processors may offer blanking for their customers to reduce their labor and transportation costs; excess steel can be trimmed prior to shipment.A semi-finished steel form, with a rectangular cross-section that is more than 8”. It can be sold in this form to customers or further processed into other finished products.Direct reduced iron that has been processed into briquettes.
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